DEMOCRACY AND OCHLOCRACY IN THE USA: SIDE EFFECTS OF THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY 

Baybakova Larisa Vilorovna, Doctor of history, professor, modern history sub-department, Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov

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This paper studies the negative consequences of formal equation of the citizens in political rights. The author shows that huge masses of voters, who got the right to vote in the USA in late of the ХIХth century, turned out to be unable to take political decisions and easily gave in to elementary manipulation by political elites. In the struggle for democratization of the political system American public gave emphasis to the growth of political culture and educational level of citizens, exclusion of illiterate men ( by legislative way) from the group of voters, big part of which were made by immigrants. Enactment of educational qualification and straight allocation of import of labor force meant formation not only of state mechanism on regulation of immigration in accordance with needs of national economy, but solved a problem about updating of electoral system.

democracy, political corruption, political culture, immigration, general electoral law, constitution, elections, civil society